KITUO CHA SHERIA UNVEILS STRATEGIC PLAN 2026–2030 TO ADVANCE PEOPLE-CENTRED JUSTICE

On 19 June 2026, Kituo Cha Sheria reached a defining moment in its 53-year journey of championing justice by officially launching its Strategic Plan 2026–2030 under the theme, “Advancing People-Centred Justice for All in Kenya and Beyond.” The new strategy sets an ambitious course for the organisation’s work over the next five years, strengthening its commitment to ensuring justice is accessible, inclusive, and responsive to the needs of poor and marginalized communities.

The launch brought together distinguished leaders and stakeholders from Kenya’s justice sector, reflecting the broad partnerships that have shaped Kituo’s work over the years. Among those in attendance were Law Society of Kenya – Nairobi Branch President Eric Kivuva, FIDA Kenya Executive Director Sophie Kaibiria, Mr. Andrews Kananga from the African Centre of Excellence for Access to Justice, Mary Airo of the Paralegal Society of Kenya, Akingbolahan Adeniran of the African Alliance for People-Centered Justice (AAPCJ), Vivek Maru CEO of Namati, alongside representatives from the Parliament of Kenya, the Judiciary, the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions (ODPP), civil society organisations, development partners, and other justice sector actors.

Guests, Kituo Board members, and staff pose for a group photo with copies of the Strategic Plan during its official launch at the Kituo Grounds.

Building on more than five decades of legal empowerment, public interest litigation, policy advocacy, community paralegalism, and research, the Strategic Plan responds to emerging justice challenges while reinforcing Kituo’s enduring mission of advancing legal empowerment, access to justice, and human rights for all. The strategy recognises the evolving realities facing communities, including climate change, forced migration, economic inequality, governance challenges, shrinking civic space, and rapid technological transformation, all of which continue to shape access to justice across Kenya and the region.

Kituo Board Chairperson, Mr. Justus Munyithya, delivers his remarks during the official launch of the Strategic Plan at the Kituo Grounds.

At the heart of the Strategic Plan are six interconnected strategic focus areas that will guide Kituo’s work through 2030:

  • Land, Environmental and Climate Justice – Promoting environmental rights, protecting community land, and advancing climate justice through legal empowerment and advocacy.
  • Governance Justice and Rule of Law – Strengthening constitutionalism, accountability, public participation, and access to justice.
  • Migration Justice and Governance – Protecting the rights of refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons, and other vulnerable migrants while promoting durable and inclusive solutions.
  • Legal Aid and Empowerment – Expanding access to legal aid, public interest litigation, legal empowerment, community paralegalism, and Alternative Justice Systems (AJS).
  • Economic and Social Justice – Advancing the protection of labour, housing, health, education, and other socio-economic rights for vulnerable communities.
  • Organisational Development and Sustainability – Strengthening institutional capacity, innovation, partnerships, resource mobilisation, and organisational resilience to deliver lasting impact.
Participants follow the proceedings during the official launch of the Strategic Plan at the Kituo Grounds.

These focus areas reflect Kituo’s belief that justice challenges are interconnected and require integrated, community-driven solutions. Through this Strategy, the organisation will continue delivering legal aid and education, strengthening community paralegalism, pursuing strategic public interest litigation, generating evidence through research, influencing policy, expanding public legal awareness, fostering innovation, and building partnerships that place communities at the centre of justice systems.

The Strategic Plan also positions Kituo to respond to emerging justice issues through innovation, technology, evidence-based programming, and stronger collaboration with state institutions, civil society organisations, academia, grassroots movements, and development partners. By strengthening these partnerships, Kituo aims to expand access to legal aid, enhance public legal awareness, improve documentation of human rights violations, and support inclusive participation in governance and justice processes.

FIDA Kenya Executive Director Sophie Kaibiria leads the official launch of the Self-Representation Manual for Small Claims Court Litigants during the Strategic Plan launch at the Kituo Grounds.

Alongside the launch of the Strategic Plan, Kituo also unveiled the Self-Representation Manual for Small Claims Court Litigants, a practical resource designed to strengthen access to justice for everyday Kenyans navigating the justice system without legal representation. Developed with support from UNDP Amkeni Wakenya, the Manual provides clear, simplified guidance to help litigants confidently present their cases before Small Claims Courts. By breaking down legal procedures into easy-to-understand steps, the publication advances legal empowerment and makes justice more understandable, accessible, and usable at the grassroots level. The Manual exemplifies the vision of the Strategic Plan by advancing people-centred justice through innovation, legal aid, and community empowerment, while reducing barriers to justice and promoting the timely resolution of disputes.

Guests and members of the Kituo Board of Directors pose for a photo holding copies of the Self-Representation Manual for Small Claims Court Litigants during its official launch.

As Kituo embarks on implementing the Strategic Plan 2026–2030, the organisation remains committed to working alongside communities, justice institutions, civil society, government, development partners, and regional actors to address emerging human rights challenges and expand access to justice. Guided by its vision of a just, fair, and equitable society, Kituo will continue empowering people to know the law, use the law, and shape the law, ensuring that people-centred justice transforms lives and communities across Kenya and beyond.

By Rony Alal
Communications Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria

HIGH COURT DECLARES STATE VIOLATED RIGHTS OF KENYAN MIGRANT WORKERS, ORDERS SWEEPING LABOUR MIGRATION REFORMS

The High Court of Kenya has declared that the Government violated the constitutional and human rights of Kenyan migrant workers in the Middle East and ordered comprehensive reforms to strengthen their protection.

In this landmark public interest petition filed by Kituo Cha Sheria on behalf of victims of labour migration abuses, the Court directed stronger regulation of recruitment agencies, enforcement of the legal framework governing foreign employment, and the development of a comprehensive Labour Migration law and a harmonised national labour migration policy.

The petition, Constitutional Petition No. E038 of 2023, was filed on 25 February 2023 before the Employment and Labour Relations Court in Nairobi. It challenged the State’s failure to protect Kenyan migrant workers from modern-day slavery, human trafficking, exploitation, violence, torture, abuse and deaths in Middle East countries, while seeking accountability for violations committed against migrant workers.

The matter was heard before Lady Justice Jemimah Keli, who delivered judgment on 19 June 2026, holding that the petition had merit and that the State had failed in its constitutional obligation to protect Kenyan migrant workers.

In her judgment, Justice Keli declared that Kenyan migrant workers and victims of labour migration abuses are entitled to effective protection by the State against modern-day slavery, human trafficking, violence, physical injury, threats, deportation, rape, death and other human rights violations. The Court found that the Government had neglected and abdicated this constitutional responsibility.

The Court further held that the failures and omissions of the State violated the petitioners’ legitimate expectation of accountability, as well as their constitutional rights to life, human dignity, freedom from slavery and servitude, freedom from torture, access to information and fair labour practices.

Among the key orders issued, the Court directed the Ministry of Labour, the Kenya National Employment Authority, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Directorate of Immigration and other relevant State agencies to strictly enforce existing laws governing foreign contracts of service by requiring recruitment agencies to deposit security bonds. The Court also ordered an immediate fresh vetting of all local employment recruitment agencies to strengthen oversight and accountability within Kenya’s labour migration system.

Recognising the existing policy and legislative gaps, the Court directed that the judgment be transmitted to the Office of the Attorney General for consideration in developing a comprehensive Labour Migration law and a harmonised national labour migration policy to better safeguard Kenyan migrant workers.

The Court further ordered the Government to repatriate, at State expense, the body of the late Lucy Wambui Ng’ang’a, one of the victims whose death formed part of the petition, and recommended that the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights follow up on investigations into her death and other unexplained deaths of Kenyan migrant workers in the Middle East.

While declining to award monetary compensation, the Court held that the declarations and orders issued sufficiently vindicated the constitutional rights of the petitioners, noting that the case was brought in the broader public interest to protect all Kenyan migrant workers rather than only the individual petitioners. Each party was ordered to bear its own costs.

The judgment marks one of Kenya’s most significant judicial pronouncements on labour migration and reinforces the State’s constitutional duty to protect citizens working abroad. It also provides a clear roadmap for reforms aimed at strengthening governance, accountability and protection within Kenya’s labour migration framework.

Read the full judgment: https://kituochasheria.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Judgement-for-middle-east.pdf

By Rony Alal
Communications Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria

BRIDGING JUSTICE GAPS THROUGH COMMUNITY VOICES, DATA AND INNOVATION

Justice systems are being called upon to answer a fundamental question: is justice truly achieved when a dispute is concluded, or when people’s lives, relationships, and communities are transformed? Across many communities, justice is experienced not only through court decisions but also through restored relationships, peaceful coexistence, dignity, and solutions that respond to everyday realities. This requires a broader understanding of justice, one that goes beyond the number of cases filed or concluded and focuses on whether people are heard, empowered, and able to access meaningful remedies.

At a time when justice systems across the world are increasingly challenged to respond to complex social realities, understanding who remains excluded, where justice gaps persist, and what interventions create lasting impact requires more than statistics. It requires listening to communities, analysing evidence, and recognising people as active participants in shaping justice solutions.

This is where Alternative Justice Systems (AJS) continue to play a critical role. By providing accessible, participatory, and community-driven approaches to resolving disputes, AJS offer important pathways for addressing justice gaps and ensuring that justice systems respond to the needs of the people they serve. However, strengthening these systems requires more than recognition; it requires evidence, lived experiences, innovation, and collaboration to understand what works and how justice outcomes can be measured.

These conversations formed part of the 4th Annual Alternative Justice Systems (AJS) Conference at Embu University, where Kituo Cha Sheria contributed to discussions drawing from decades of experience in legal empowerment, community justice, and advocacy for accessible and responsive justice systems. Through panel discussions, Movement Assemblies, and thematic convenings, Kituo shared perspectives on the role of data, community participation, paralegalism, technology, and Alternative Justice Systems in addressing justice gaps and strengthening people-centred pathways to justice.

Measuring Justice beyond Access

A key conversation during the conference focused on how justice should be measured. While traditional justice indicators have often focused on case numbers, disposal rates, and efficiency, stakeholders reflected on the need to examine whether justice processes are actually improving people’s lives, restoring relationships, and addressing the challenges communities face.

Our Executive Director, Dr. Wambua Kituku (far left), participates in a panel discussion on Measuring Justice Realization and Justice Gaps during the AJS Conference in Embu.

Kituo Cha Sheria Executive Director, Dr. Wambua Kituku, participated in a panel discussion on “Measuring Justice Realization and Justice Gaps,” where he highlighted the importance of moving beyond access to justice and focusing on meaningful justice outcomes.

Dr. Kituku emphasised that understanding justice needs requires reliable evidence that captures the experiences of communities, including those who remain excluded from formal justice pathways. He highlighted the need for stronger collaboration with institutions like the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) to integrate justice needs data into national census and survey processes.

“Access to justice is only the beginning. We must also understand whether justice is reaching those who need it most, whether their challenges are being addressed, and whether the solutions provided are improving their lives. Working with institutions like KNBS to integrate justice needs data into national census and survey processes is essential in identifying who is being left behind, where justice gaps exist, and how we can develop more responsive and inclusive justice solutions,” Dr. Kituku, Executive Director, Kituo Cha Sheria.

Dr. Wambua Kituku, during a panel discussion at the AJS Conference in Embu.

Drawing from Kituo’s work across Kenya, data must be complemented by community experiences. Understanding how people experience justice challenges on the ground is critical in shaping legal empowerment programmes and ensuring that justice interventions respond to real needs rather than assumptions.

Community-Centred Solutions for Land Justice

The role of community participation in justice delivery was further explored through discussions on Land Justice, where Programme Officer Patricia Nekoye highlighted the importance of equitable access to land, inclusive dispute resolution, and the contribution of Alternative Justice Systems in addressing land-related conflicts.

Our Programme Officer, Patricia Nekoye, participates in a panel discussion on Land Justice during the AJS Conference in Embu.

Land disputes often involve more than legal claims; they affect livelihoods, family relationships, identity, and community stability. Through community-based approaches, AJS provides opportunities for disputes to be resolved in ways that promote dialogue, participation, and peaceful coexistence.

“Land disputes are often about more than ownership; they affect livelihoods, identity, and community cohesion. Alternative Justice Systems provide an opportunity to resolve these conflicts in ways that promote fairness, participation, and lasting peace,” Patricia Nekoye, Programme Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria.

Strengthening Justice through Community Paralegals

Communities cannot meaningfully participate in justice processes without knowledge, support, and access to information. This is why community paralegals remain central to advancing people-centred justice, particularly for marginalised populations.

During discussions on Social Justice and Paralegalism, Programme Officer Joy Nasike highlighted the critical role of community paralegals in bridging the gap between communities and formal legal systems through legal awareness, rights education, and support in resolving disputes. She noted that through its legal empowerment approach, Kituo equips paralegals and communities with knowledge and skills to better understand their rights, navigate justice systems, and advocate for solutions that respond to their realities.

“Community paralegals are the bridge between the law and the people. By equipping communities with legal knowledge and support, we empower them to know the law, use the law, and shape the law; enabling individuals to understand their rights, seek remedies, participate in justice processes, and resolve disputes before they escalate,” Joy Nasike, Programme Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria.

Our Programme Officer, Joy Nasike, participates in a panel discussion on Social Justice and Paralegalism during the AJS Conference in Embu.

For Kituo, community paralegalism remains a key pillar of legal empowerment, enabling communities to participate actively in justice processes and advocate for solutions that reflect their realities.

Harnessing Technology to strengthen AJS

As justice systems continue to evolve, technology presents new opportunities to improve access, documentation, coordination, and knowledge sharing. However, innovation must remain grounded in the needs of communities and complement existing justice mechanisms.

During discussions on Technology in Alternative Justice Systems, Jimmy Sayi explored how digital tools can strengthen justice delivery through improved case management, documentation, information sharing, and wider public engagement.

“Technology should not replace community-based justice; it should strengthen it. Digital tools can improve documentation, case management, knowledge sharing, and public engagement, making justice systems more accessible and responsive to the needs of the people they serve,” Jimmy Sayi, Programme Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria.

Our Programme Officer, Jimmy Sayi (far left), participates in a panel discussion on Technology in Alternative Justice Systems during the AJS Conference in Embu.

Strengthening Alternative Justice Systems requires a combination of evidence, community knowledge, innovation, and collaboration. While measuring cases resolved remains important, the true impact of justice is also reflected in restored relationships, empowered communities, and solutions that prevent future conflicts.

The future of justice requires systems that do not only respond when disputes arise but also understand the conditions that create justice gaps and develop approaches that address them. AJS provides an opportunity to build justice pathways that are accessible, inclusive, and connected to the realities of communities.

By Rony Alal
Communications Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria

Until Everyone Is Safe: Why Refugee Inclusion in Kenya Cannot Wait

Each year, World Refugee Day gives us an opportunity to reflect on the lives behind one of the most urgent human rights issues of our time. It is a moment to consider the plight of people forced to flee conflict and persecution, the responsibility of host countries, institutions, and communities to ensure that protection is matched by dignity.

For decades, and in the African spirit of “Ubuntu” Kenya has opened its borders to people escaping war, political instability, and humanitarian crises across the region and globally. This history of hospitality is one we should take seriously. It reflects a long-standing commitment to shared humanity and regional solidarity. But it also places before us a difficult question: what does meaningful protection look like when displacement is no longer temporary, but prolonged and, in many cases, intergenerational?

This year’s World Refugee Day theme, “Until everyone is safe,” requires us to confront that question honestly. Safety cannot be understood narrowly as physical escape from danger. Safety also means access to rights, services, to opportunity, and to the legal recognition necessary to live with dignity. A refugee who is protected from immediate harm but denied the ability to work, move freely, access documentation, or build a stable future remains in a state of insecurity.

That is the lived reality for many refugees in Kenya today.

Traditional durable solutions are shrinking by the day. Resettlement opportunities remain limited. Voluntary repatriation is equally untenable for many because conditions in countries of origin are still not conducive for safe, dignified, and sustainable return. Where conflict, political instability, and insecurity persist, return cannot be treated as an immediate or realistic answer.

This leaves many refugees in a prolonged state of waiting-waiting for their countries of origin to become stable, waiting for resettlement opportunities, or waiting to be integrated into their host countries. Yet none of these options seem to be certain.

At the same time, the humanitarian response is changing. Under differentiated assistance models, food and basic support are increasingly being targeted at the most vulnerable. That may reflect funding pressures and operational realities, but it also raises an urgent policy question: what happens to the many refugees who will receive reduced assistance or no basic assistance at all, yet administrative barriers to self-reliance still persist? If support is shrinking, then the legal and administrative barriers to self-reliance must also be reduced.

This means recognising that people who are expected to meet more of their own needs must also be given a fair opportunity to do so. A system that reduces assistance while maintaining barriers to livelihoods only deepens hardship and is likely to lead to compounded humanitarian crises.

Kenya has already begun important conversations on refugee inclusion, and those efforts should continue with greater urgency. The longer displacement lasts, the less sense it makes to rely on frameworks designed for short-term emergencies. Refugees are already part of Kenya’s social and economic fabric. They contribute to local economies, support households, and participate in community life in ways that are too often ignored in public debate.

When refugees are denied pathways to self-reliance, the result is dependency, frustration, and lost human potential. By contrast, when people have the legal space to work, study, move, and organise their lives, they are better able to contribute meaningfully to the communities around them. Kenya has already taken important steps in this direction. Its legal and policy framework has continued to evolve, and there is growing recognition that refugee protection must include social and economic inclusion. That shift is important. But progress on paper must translate into progress in daily life. Rights must be felt in refugee camps, in urban settlements, in schools, in places of work, in public offices, and in every other space where refugees interact with the State and society.

Legal recognition means little if a person cannot enforce their rights, challenge unlawful treatment, or navigate the systems that govern their daily life. Any serious conversation about reform must place refugee voices at the centre. Refugee-Led Organizations bring knowledge that no outside actor can replicate. They understand the barriers because they live them. They understand what works because they have had to navigate systems that were not built with them in mind. Policy design, legal reform, and implementation efforts will be stronger, more legitimate, and more effective when refugees are recognised as leaders in shaping the solutions that affect their lives.

World Refugee Day should therefore be a point of accountability that pushes all of us, government, civil society, development actors, and the public to ask whether our laws, institutions, and attitudes reflect the reality of prolonged displacement and the demands of human dignity.

For Kenya, the challenge is to ensure that protection is meaningful. A system that keeps people safe from immediate harm but trapped in indefinite uncertainty cannot be the endpoint of our response. Refugees need safety. But they also need recognition, opportunity, and a fair chance to build a life.

That is the work ahead. On this World Refugee Day, we recommit ourselves and say: until everyone is safe, our obligation is to shelter, to uphold dignity, expand inclusion, and ensure access to justice.

What Does Justice Look Like Beyond the Courtroom? Reflections from the 4th National AJS Conference

When a dispute is resolved through dialogue instead of litigation, when divided families find common ground, or when communities choose reconciliation over conflict, what does justice truly look like? Can justice be measured by the number of cases concluded, or should it be seen in stronger families, peaceful communities, and restored relationships? Is justice simply about reaching a legal decision, or is it about restoring relationships, rebuilding trust, and enabling communities to live together in peace?

These thought-provoking questions and the pursuit of Data-Driven Pathways for People-Centred Justice in Kenya, the theme of the conference, set the tone for the 4th National Alternative Justice Systems (AJS) Conference, held from 16–19 June 2026 at Embu University. The four-day conference brought together an unprecedented gathering of justice leaders, including judges, magistrates, policymakers, researchers, community justice practitioners, civil society organisations, county governments, traditional dispute resolution practitioners, academia, and development partners from across Africa. Together, they explored how justice systems can become more responsive to the needs of the people they serve by placing communities, dignity, and lasting solutions at the centre of justice delivery.

“Traditionally, justice systems have relied on indicators such as case filings, case clearance rates, backlog reduction, and the speed of case resolution. These measures remain important… However, they do not always capture the full experience of justice from the perspective of the people we serve.” Hon. Justice Martha Koome, Chief Justice of the Republic of Kenya and President of the Supreme Court of Kenya

Chief Justice Hon. Justice Martha Koome alongside Chief Justices from across Africa during the AJS Conference.

For Kituo Cha Sheria, the conference was a valuable platform to contribute to the growing national and continental conversation on people-centred justice. Throughout the event, the organisation engaged with justice sector actors, exchanged experiences, and strengthened its commitment to ensuring that justice is not only accessible but also meaningful, inclusive, and transformative for the communities it serves.

Kituo Cha Sheria team at the Kituo booth during the 4th National Alternative Justice Systems (AJS) Conference at Embu University, showcasing its work

A key highlight of Kituo Cha Sheria’s participation was its exhibition booth, which attracted delegates from across the justice sector eager to learn about the organisation’s work in advancing Alternative Justice Systems and legal empowerment. The booth showcased Kituo’s decades of experience in promoting community-led justice through legal aid, community paralegal programmes, mediation, legal empowerment initiatives, and advocacy for Alternative Justice Systems. Through publications, resource materials, and interactions with delegates, Kituo demonstrated how empowering communities to understand, use, and shape the law contributes to peaceful dispute resolution, stronger institutions, and improved access to justice. The exhibition also created opportunities to build new partnerships, share best practices, and highlight the important role civil society continues to play in advancing people-centred justice in Kenya.

Hon. Idrissa Sow, Chairperson of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, visits Kituo’s exhibition booth during the AJS Conference in Embu.

Throughout the conference, discussions challenged participants to rethink how justice is measured. While court performance has traditionally been assessed through indicators such as cases filed, concluded, and clearance rates, participants argued that these measures tell only part of the story. Equally important are outcomes that are often less visible but far more meaningful, whether relationships have been restored, communities have reconciled, rights have been protected, and future conflicts prevented.

“We must move from counting cases to measuring justice, from throughput to outcomes, from efficiency to human flourishing. That is the future.” Hon. Justice (Prof) Joel Ngugi, Chair, NaSCI-AJS.

These conversations strongly resonated with Kituo’s work across Kenya. For over five decades, the organisation has supported vulnerable and marginalised communities through legal aid, community legal empowerment, public interest litigation, and the promotion of Alternative Justice Systems. Its experience has consistently demonstrated that sustainable justice extends beyond legal outcomes to include dignity, participation, accountability, and social cohesion.

Chief Justice Hon. Martha Koome and Chief Justices from across Africa join delegates for a group photo during the AJS Conference in Embu

The conference also reinforced the growing recognition of Alternative Justice Systems as an essential pillar of Kenya’s justice architecture. As implementation of Article 159 of the Constitution continues to deepen, stakeholders emphasised the importance of strengthening community-based justice mechanisms while generating evidence that demonstrates their impact on people’s lives.

“AJS are not just an alternative for the vast majority of Kenyans. They are the primary choice.” H.E. Patrick Ole Ntutu, Governor of Narok County

The culmination of the conference marked another significant milestone for the AJS movement in Africa. The event was attended by 16 Chief Justices from across the continent, highlighting the growing continental commitment to people-centred justice and the exchange of innovative approaches to expanding access to justice. The conference also witnessed the official launch of the Embu Alternative Justice Systems Suite, a landmark initiative that strengthens institutional support for community-based dispute resolution and further embeds Alternative Justice Systems within Kenya’s justice sector.

Chief Justice Hon. Martha Koome leads delegates during the commissioning of the Embu Alternative Justice Systems (AJS) Suite in Embu.

The conference concluded with a clear message: the future of justice lies not only in resolving disputes but also in creating stronger communities, restoring dignity, and ensuring that justice responds to the realities and needs of the people it serves.

“What if success is measured not only by the number of disputes resolved, but also by the number of relationships restored? What if justice is measured not just through efficiency, but also through reconciliation, trust, social cohesion, and human dignity?” Hon. Justice Martha Koome, Chief Justice of the Republic of Kenya and President of the Supreme Court of Kenya

As Kenya continues to shape a more inclusive and responsive justice system, Kituo Cha Sheria remains dedicated to advancing people-centred justice by supporting community-driven solutions, strengthening Alternative Justice Systems, and expanding legal empowerment initiatives. Through collaboration with communities, the Judiciary, and other justice sector actors, Kituo continues to champion a justice system where every person can understand, access, and participate in processes that protect their rights and uphold dignity.

By Rony Alal, Communications Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria

LANDMARK ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE VICTORY AS COURT ORDERS CLOSURE AND RELOCATION OF MALINDI DUMPSITE

A landmark environmental justice victory has been achieved in Malindi after the Environment and Land Court ordered the closure and relocation of the Malindi dumpsite, following a petition filed by the Malindi Residents Development Group (MRDG), with legal support from Kituo Cha Sheria.

The matter, Malindi Residents Development Group & another v County Government of Kilifi & 4 others, Petition No. 6 of 2022, was determined by the Environment and Land Court at Malindi, with judgment delivered on 26 May 2026 by Justice Mwangi Njoroge. The petition challenged the continued operation of the dumpsite and raised concerns over environmental degradation, public health risks, and violations of residents’ constitutional rights.

The Court found that the continued dumping and burning of waste at the site violated residents’ constitutional rights, including the right to a clean and healthy environment, health, and access to information. The Court further directed the County Government of Kilifi to cease waste disposal activities at the site, identify and relocate the dumpsite to a suitable location in compliance with environmental laws, and undertake restoration of the degraded environment.

The case centred on concerns raised by residents over the impact of uncontrolled waste disposal at the dumpsite located in the Casuarina area of Malindi. Evidence presented before the Court highlighted concerns including pollution, open burning of waste, and the risks posed to surrounding communities, ecosystems, and livelihoods.

Through the support provided by Kituo, the affected community was able to pursue legal remedies and seek accountability for environmental harm. The judgment represents a significant milestone in advancing environmental justice and demonstrates the importance of community-led action in protecting constitutional rights and holding duty bearers accountable.

The Court’s decision further reinforces the obligation of public institutions to ensure sustainable waste management practices that protect communities and safeguard the right to a clean and healthy environment.

Full Judgment: https://kituochasheria.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/DOC-20260529-WA0030.pdf

By Rony Alal
Communications Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria

KITUO MOVES TO COURT TO PROTECT NAIROBI NATIONAL PARK FROM BOMAS EXPANSION

Kituo Cha Sheria has moved to the Environment and Land Court seeking to halt the proposed excision of 76 acres of Nairobi National Park for the expansion of the Bomas International Convention Centre, arguing that the project threatens one of Kenya’s most important protected ecosystems and violates constitutional and environmental safeguards.

The petition, filed by Kituo Cha Sheria alongside JustAct as Environment and Land Court Petition No. 19 of 2026 in Nairobi, challenges approvals issued by the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) and actions by the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) relating to the redevelopment project.

According to the petitioners, the proposed relocation of the Nairobi Animal Orphanage is being used to facilitate a commercial development that would permanently alter protected parkland. Kituo argues that the project will result in the loss of approximately 76 acres of indigenous forest, a critical habitat for the endangered black rhinoceros and other wildlife, while undermining the ecological integrity of Nairobi National Park.

In a supporting affidavit, Kituo Executive Director Dr. Wambua Kituku states that the project was flagged by the Auditor-General in the 2024/25 financial year after it was found not to have been budgeted for, raising concerns over its legality and financing. The affidavit also questions the project’s funding model, which was later revealed to involve the Tourism Fund under a Public-Private Partnership arrangement.

The petition also argues that the project violates Article 42 of the Constitution, which guarantees every person the right to a clean and healthy environment, and Article 69, which obligates the State to protect ecologically sensitive areas and conserve biodiversity for present and future generations. Converting protected conservation land into commercial infrastructure would undermine these constitutional obligations.

Kituo further contends that the public participation process did not meet constitutional and statutory requirements. According to the court filings, affected communities, conservation stakeholders, and members of the public were not given adequate access to project documents, including the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, nor were they given sufficient opportunity to present informed views before approvals were granted.

The petition also raises concerns that the environmental assessment failed to adequately address the ecological implications of reducing protected parkland, including the loss of indigenous forest, wildlife habitat, and biodiversity.

During the initial court appearance, Justice Oscar Angote directed the respondents to file their responses before the matter proceeds to hearing. Kituo is seeking conservatory orders to suspend the implementation of the project and halt any further clearing or construction within the disputed section of Nairobi National Park pending the determination of the petition.

Through the suit, Kituo is seeking conservatory orders to stop any further implementation of the project pending the hearing and determination of the case. The petition also asks the court to suspend the environmental approvals granted for the development and protect the disputed section of Nairobi National Park from further clearing or construction.

The case reflects Kituo’s continued commitment to using public interest litigation to safeguard constitutional values, strengthen environmental governance, and ensure that major public projects comply with the law, uphold transparency, and meaningfully involve citizens in decisions that affect public resources and Kenya’s natural heritage.

By Rony Alal
Communications Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria

REIMAGINING RESEARCH TO ADVANCE PEOPLE-CENTRED JUSTICE: DR. WAMBUA’S REFLECTIONS FROM THE OTTAWA CIVIC SPACE SUMMIT

The struggle to protect and expand civic space is increasingly becoming a struggle over evidence. As governments, civil society, and communities navigate shrinking civic freedoms, research is no longer simply a tool for documenting challenges; it is an essential foundation for advancing people-centred justice. By generating credible evidence, amplifying lived experiences, and informing public policy, research helps ensure that justice systems respond to people’s realities rather than abstract assumptions.

This perspective shaped discussions during the “Reimagine Research: Powering Civic Practice and Infrastructure” panel at the inaugural Ottawa Civic Space Summit 2026, held from 21 – 23 April 2026 in Ottawa, Canada, where Kituo Cha Sheria Executive Director Dr. Wambua Kituku joined global experts in examining the role of research in protecting and expanding civic space.

Research enables civil society to identify emerging threats, understand how restrictions affect different groups, and develop practical, evidence-based responses. Whether addressing restrictive laws, digital surveillance, or the silencing of civic voices, credible research strengthens advocacy, informs policy reforms, and promotes accountability. In this way, it becomes an essential pillar for safeguarding civic space and strengthening democratic participation.

“Research is most powerful when it begins with people. At Kituo Cha Sheria, we see research as more than generating evidence, it is about understanding the justice needs of communities and using that evidence to shape policy, strengthen advocacy, and build justice systems that are responsive, inclusive, and accountable. When research reflects lived experiences, it becomes a catalyst for protecting civic space and advancing people-centred justice.”  Dr. Wambua Kituku, Executive Director, Kituo Cha Sheria

Panelists pose for a group photo after the panel discussion at the inaugural Ottawa Civic Space Summit held in Ottawa, Canada (Dr. Wambua Kituku, 3rd left).

Research is not simply about generating knowledge, it is about ensuring that the voices, experiences, and justice needs of communities shape the decisions that affect their lives. By producing credible, community-driven evidence, research bridges the gap between people and institutions, ensuring that advocacy is rooted in lived realities and that laws and policies respond to the challenges communities face. In this way, research becomes a catalyst for legal empowerment, equipping people to know the law, use the law, and shape the law. It strengthens civic participation, enables communities to influence reforms that protect rights and expand civic freedoms, and contributes to building more responsive and accountable justice systems.

“Research only becomes meaningful when it empowers people. The evidence we generate must amplify community voices, inform reforms, and strengthen justice systems that are responsive to the people they serve.” Dr. Wambua Kituku, Executive Director, Kituo Cha Sheria

At Kituo Cha Sheria, research is integral to advancing people-centred justice in Kenya and beyond. It informs legal aid, community legal education, strategic litigation, and policy advocacy, ensuring that community experiences drive legal and policy reforms. From labour migration and forced displacement to alternative justice systems, land and housing rights, and access to justice, research provides the evidence that strengthens advocacy, amplifies community voices, and advances legal empowerment by enabling people to know the law, use the law, and shape the law. In doing so, it helps create a more open civic space where justice is informed by the realities and aspirations of the people it serves.

Dr. Wambua Kituku (third left) participates in a panel discussion during the inaugural Ottawa Civic Space Summit held in Ottawa, Canada.

As civic space continues to evolve, the need for research that is collaborative, community-driven, and action-oriented has never been greater. Beyond informing policy and advocacy, such research strengthens public trust, deepens democratic participation, and ensures that justice systems remain responsive to the people they serve. By placing communities at the centre of knowledge production, research becomes a powerful force for protecting civic space and advancing people-centred justice in Kenya and beyond.

By Rony Alal
Communications Officer, Kituo Cha Sheria

FROM TRAUMA TO HOPE: A REFUGEE’S JOURNEY BEYOND LEGAL AID

For many years, Kituo Cha Sheria has been a beacon of hope for the poor and the vulnerable in Kenya and beyond, including refugees. Through its commitment to legal empowerment and the provision of legal aid, Kituo has enabled countless individuals to access justice and reclaim their dignity. However, not all who seek legal aid require legal intervention alone. Some carry a far heavier burden, one shaped by trauma, loss, and experiences that the law, by itself, cannot heal.

Within Kituo’s Forced Migration Programme, this reality is well understood. The programme integrates psychosocial support through dedicated counsellors who walk with clients beyond the courtroom, helping them rebuild not just their cases, but their lives.

This was the case for James (not his real name), a Congolese refugee who came to Kituo Cha Sheria seeking legal assistance. James’s story is one of survival against overwhelming odds.

When James first arrived, he appeared like many others, hopeful, yet visibly weighed down. During the initial screening, the legal officer quickly realized that his needs extended far beyond legal representation. Beneath his request for justice was a deep and urgent psychological crisis. James was struggling with severe trauma and suicidal thoughts, rooted in a past marked by unimaginable violence and hardship.

He recalls, with painful clarity, the moment his life was shattered. His father was killed in front of him during conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Soon after, those responsible began searching for him, intending to kill him as well. Forced to flee, James embarked on a journey filled with fear, uncertainty, and suffering.

“When I left Congo, I went through so many hardships. War had already begun, and even conflict within my family had started. My father was killed before my eyes, and after his death, they came looking for me so they could kill me as well. But by the grace of God, I was spared. God had a plan for me.”

At one point during his escape, while seeking refuge alongside strangers who were also fleeing for safety, they were captured by armed men and taken deep into the forest. There, he was subjected to forced labor, constant beatings, and inhumane treatment. He witnessed the brutal killings of the very strangers he had met, carried out by the armed men who had captured them, and lived in constant fear for his life. Near the bodies of those victims, he was sexually assaulted by two men, an ordeal that left him unconscious and with deep physical and emotional scars.

“I saw that my friends, the same ones I had met that evening had been killed. Out of fear, I lost control of myself and didn’t know what to do. The commander told me, ‘If you refuse to do what we say, you see how they are lying there dead, and that will be you.’ He then did everything he wanted to me. He raped me… Two of them had assaulted me, and I received no treatment or help.”

Eventually, amid the chaos of a clash between the armed group and police, James seized a chance to escape. Disoriented and alone, he fled without a clear direction until he reached a village near the Uganda border. From there, he found his way to Nairobi, Kenya.

In Nairobi, James had no family, no support system, and no place to call home. He survived on the streets, often sleeping in open spaces. At one point, he was beaten for sleeping in a clothes stall, a moment that further deepened his sense of despair. Though he later found temporary refuge with fellow Congolese nationals who helped him learn barbering, his struggles persisted.

In an attempt to build a better future, James saved money and entrusted it to an individual who promised to help him travel abroad. The promise turned out to be a scam. He lost all his savings of Kenyan shillings 80,000 and when he sought help, he was dismissed and reminded of his vulnerability as a non-citizen.

“One of my customers, whom I used to shave, told me he had helped many Congolese secure jobs abroad and encouraged me to try my luck. I explained that I had no family or support and asked for a year to raise the money. After working hard, I gave him Ksh. 80,000 and waited, but months passed with no response. When I finally asked for my money back, his attitude changed, and he told me, ‘You’re not even Kenyan and there’s nothing you can do to me.”

Overwhelmed by cumulative trauma, loss, and hopelessness, James began experiencing persistent thoughts of ending his life. Fear haunted his sleep, and the weight of his past seemed unbearable. Even after obtaining refugee documentation, the emotional wounds remained raw and unresolved.

It was at this lowest point that James was referred to Kituo Cha Sheria.

“That’s when thoughts of ending my life began to come into my mind. I lived in constant fear, even in my sleep. I kept thinking about death.”…

“Later, I heard about a refugee center that helps people. I went there and explained my situation, but they told me my case needed to be taken to Kituo Cha Sheria. That’s how I ended up ta kituo cha sheria.”

Recognizing the urgency of his condition, the legal officer referred him to Kituo’s psychosocial support services under the Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) Programme. There, he met Habiba Mohamed, psychosocial counsellor.

Through consistent counselling sessions, Habiba provided James with a safe space to process his trauma. She helped him confront painful memories, manage stress, and understand that his experiences though devastating did not define his worth. Slowly, through patience and care, James began to heal. He rediscovered a sense of purpose.

The thoughts that once consumed him began to fade, replaced by a renewed will to live. With emotional and psychological support, he started to rebuild his life, not just as a survivor, but as someone with value, dignity, and hope for the future.

“She supported me mentally, emotionally, and showed me that I still have value and purpose in life. She gave me hope. The person I am today, and the changes in my life, are because of her.”

His journey is a powerful reminder that justice is not only about legal outcomes, it is also about restoring humanity. At Kituo Cha Sheria, this holistic approach ensures that individuals like James are not only heard in law, but also healed in life.

“This boy came for legal aid; he never came for counselling. When our lawyers saw his condition, he was immediately referred for counselling. He was in a very bad state. He was suicidal and had lost hope in life but through the sessions, he has recovered well…I encourage boys and men not to keep quiet, but to speak up and seek help.” Habiba Mohamed, Psychosocial Counsellor, Kituo Cha Sheria

Watch the full story here: https://youtu.be/n0Br-a94auk

By; Rony Alal

Turning Policy into Progress: How RAWI–EA Is Transforming Refugee Livelihoods

“What Magic, Exactly, Are Refugees Expected to Perform?”

Picture this. A young, ambitious, educated refugee sits across from a potential employer. They went to school here in Kenya. They studied the same curriculum as their Kenyan counterparts, sat the same exams and qualified, and have walked the same corridors searching for jobs. And yet the employer is required by law to prove that no Kenyan can do the job this refugee is applying for. The same job. The same skills. The same education system.

What magic, exactly, are they expected to perform?

This is not hypothetical. This is the daily reality for hundreds, if not thousands, of refugees in Kenya who want nothing more than to work legally, fairly, and with dignity, and contribute to the economy, but they find themselves blocked at every turn. Not by lack of ability or qualifications, but by a system that was not designed with them in mind, and has been too slow to change.

RAWI–EA Coalition Sub-Committee Leads during the inaugural meeting at PrideInn Hotel.

Their dreams are on hold. Their plans to build families, to innovate, to make meaningful life contributions are on hold. In the absence of decent, formal work and equal pay, many are pushed into exploitative arrangements just to get through each day. Others fall into despair. And all of this is happening at a time when humanitarian assistance is dwindling by the day. And the people caught in between are running out of options. And so, we ask ourselves, whose job is it to change this?

Section 28 of the Refugees Act 2021 is one of the most progressive provisions in refugee law in Africa. It expressly guarantees refugees the right to work. Kenya ratified the 1951 Refugee Convention, the Shirika Plan commits to socioeconomic integration and the Nairobi County Refugee Integration Strategy recognizes refugee documentation as valid. On paper, Kenya has made the promise. But in practice, the Kenya Citizenship and Immigration Act still requires employers to prove that no Kenyan can perform a job before a refugee can be hired for it. Ask yourself: how does a refugee who grew up in Kenya, or who fled to Kenya for safety, studied in Kenya, and knows no other (safe) home, how do they prove they have a special skill that a Kenyan cannot have, when they were taught by the same teachers, in the same schools, with the same curriculum? The Advocates Act, for instance, bars non-citizens from being admitted to the bar. The Engineers’ Rules restrict professional registration. Refugees are expected to produce passports from countries they fled, a document many never had, or lost, or cannot safely obtain.

RAWI–EA team at the launch of the research on the analysis of the legal and policy framework on refugees’ right to work in Naivasha.

For years, many organizations across Kenya and beyond Africa had been doing genuinely good work on refugees’ right to work through litigation, research, advocacy and lobbying, as well as skills development and capacity building, with policymakers invited to multiple forums by different organizations; however, despite these sustained efforts, more still needed to be done to translate this work into the meaningful, lasting changes most sought by refugees.

To drive more coordinated and impactful action, Refugee Access to Work and Inclusion – East Africa (RAWI–EA) was formed in 2025, a coalition of civil society organizations, refugee-led groups, academic institutions, communications experts, and policymakers, each bringing their unique expertise, each retaining their organizational autonomy but all united around one goal: making the right to decent work for refugees real, not just on paper.

RAWI exists to unlock access to decent work for refugees by addressing the systemic barriers that keep skilled and willing individuals on the margins. It focuses on those unable to access higher education or regulated professions, or forced into underpaid work due to lack of documentation, supporting their transition into dignified, productive livelihoods as contributors and taxpayers. At the same time, RAWI brings together change makers and organizations to align efforts, recognizing that meaningful progress requires coordinated action, not fragmented interventions.

Kituo Cha Sheria Legal Officer, Caleb Mbugua, chairs the RAWI–EA Monthly Working Group Meeting.

RAWI–EA’s greatest achievements include four refugee advocates admitted to the Bar, one refugee admitted to the Kenya School of Law, a public interest litigation, the first of its kind in East Africa, now moving through the courts. These are complemented by a groundbreaking legal and policy analysis that provides the evidence we need, and by employer forums where the question is no longer whether refugees should work, but how they can do so legally, decently, and under fair conditions. Importantly, we have secured concrete commitments from policymakers to work hand in hand with us.

RAWI’s momentum is real, but we cannot sustain it alone. We invite organizations, development partners, and refugee professionals to bring their knowledge, networks, and leadership to this coalition. Together, we can move as one, ensuring that the right to work under Section 28 of the Refugees Act 2021 becomes a reality for all refugees.

Join RAWI-EA, partner with us, or support our work. Contact the coalition secretariat at Kituo Cha Sheria: kemuma@kituochasheria.or.ke

 The Author, Margaret Kemuma, is the Forced Migration Program Coordinator at Kituo Cha Sheria, the RAWI-EA Secretariat.